How To Create A Simple Install Script In Ubuntu
03 Mar 2020
Some people like to upgrade their installation when a new version of Ubuntu is released, personally I like to nuke and pave a new installation so I’m starting fresh. This post will show you how I created a simple install script to configure a new installation quickly.
Note: this is just how I do it. I’m sure there are many ways to improve this script, but it works for me. If you have suggestions for improvements, please get in touch.
I actually have the process split up into two separate scripts. The first does a system update, sets up my repositories and installs my applications. I then sync all of my data over from my NAS.
Once the sync is complete, I run the second install script. This configures my VPN client, sets up my terminal aliases and configures my symlinks.
Once these two script have run, I have pretty much everything configured on my new OS. This means I can go from fresh install to a fully configured OS in under an hour.
Install Script #1
The first script has to be run as sudo. This is because it needs elevated privileges to install software and add repositories. My script installs packages from a number of sources, including the Ubuntu repositories, DEB files, Snap packages and additional repositories that I add.
The script below isn’t my exact script, but it shows how I install from the various different sources that I need:
#!/bin/sh # Add additional repositories apt-add-repository ppa:tista/adapta # Adapta theme repo add-apt-repository ppa:papirus/papirus # Papirus icon theme repo add-apt-repository ppa:agornostal/ulauncher # Ulauncher repo add-apt-repository ppa:wereturtle/ppa # Ghostwriter repo # Get the latest package lists apt-get update # Get DEB files wget https://prerelease.keybase.io/keybase_amd64.deb wget https://atom.io/download/deb/atom-amd64.deb wget https://launcher.mojang.com/download/Minecraft.deb # Install from Repo apt-get install adapta-gtk-theme -y apt-get install papirus-icon-theme -y apt install gnome-tweak-tool -y apt-get install ulauncher -y apt-get install filezilla -y apt-get install inkscape -y apt-get install calibre -y apt-get install torbrowser-launcher -y apt-get install ghostwriter -y apt-get install hunspell-en-gb -y # Adds spellcheck to Ghostwriter apt-get install gimp -y apt-get install plank -y # Install snap packages snap install spotify snap install gitkraken # Install DEB files dpkg -i keybase_amd64.deb dpkg -i atom-amd64.deb dpkg -i Minecraft.deb apt --fix-broken install -y # Fix Minecraft dependency issue. # Clean up DEB files rm -f keybase_amd64.deb rm -f Minecraft.deb rm -f atom-amd64.deb # Install requirements for Ulauncher PW generator apt install python3-pip -y pip3 install pwgen # Final message echo All application have been installed, the script will now quit. # Exit the script exit 0
To actually use the script, paste the code above into a text editor, edit it as needed and save it as something like install.sh. You then need to right click on the file, go to properties, then the permissions tab and check the box to allow execution.
Alternatively, you can add execute permissions from the terminal with the following command:
sudo chmod +x install.sh
To execute the install script, run the following command:
sudo ./install.sh
Install Script #2
This second script is designed to setup our user config. Because we’re not installing any applications and these commands affect our user, we do not __use the sudo command to execute the script.
As before, paste the following code into a text editor, save the file as something like install2.sh, then give it execute permissions.
Once you’re ready to execute the script, run the same command as before, but without sudo. So:
./install2.sh
#!/bin/sh # Symlink for config files mv ~/.config ~/.configOLD ln -s ~/Nextcloud/Config/ ~/.config # Symlink .minecraft folder so previous save works. ln -s ~/Nextcloud/Minecraft ~/.minecraft # Setup other Symlinks rm -rf ~/Documents rm -rf ~/Pictures rm -rf ~/Public rm -rf ~/Templates rm -rf ~/Videos ln -s ~/Nextcloud/Documents ~/Documents ln -s ~/Nextcloud/Photos ~/Pictures # Setup terminal alias alias update='sudo apt update' alias upgrade='sudo apt upgrade -y' # Final message echo User folders have been configured, the script will now quit. # Exit the script exit 0
I personally sync my .config folder from my home directory to Nextcloud. This allows me to have all of my applications configured in the exact same way across all of my machines.
This script creates a bunch of symlinks from my Nextcloud folder. Rather than remove the .config folder, it simply renames it. Once you have confirmed everything is working as it should, it’s fine to delete the old config folder.
Conclusion
While not perfect, these 2 install scripts should significantly speed up the time it takes to go from vanilla Ubuntu build, to a configured system. For me, that’s less than an hour.